These are one of the widely available drugs in the world. The most considerably detected groups of pharmaceuticals in the environment are Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The extended usage of dangerous pharmaceuticals is followed by an increased pollution of ground, surface, and drinking water by these compounds. Also they enter to the environment after inappropriate disposal of expired pharmaceutical products in the sewage system or in the garbage. These compounds classified as emerging pollutants, while their essential passage into the environment is pharmaceutical industries, excretory products of medically treated humans and animals, which followed by their inefficient removal in wastewater treatment plants. Large scales of different chemical compounds are used as medicinal products. Nowadays, the world recognizes the importance of the continuous development on the area of synthesis and production of a variety of pharmaceutical drugs for both humans and animals. ConclusionsĬomparatively, the photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceuticals using PAN-CNT/TiO 2–NH 2 composite nanofibers was much more efficient than with PAN/TiO 2–NH 2 composite nanofibers. The results demonstrated that more than 99% degradation efficiency was obtained for IBP, CIZ, and NPX within 120, 40, and 25 min, respectively. Sets of experiments were performed to study the effect of pharmaceuticals initial concentration (5–50 mg/L), solution pH (2–9), and irradiation time on the degradation efficiency. Surface modification of the fabricated composite nanofibers was illustrated using XRD, FTIR, and SEM analyses. The photocatalyst used in this work consists of surface functionalized titanium dioxide (TiO 2–NH 2) nanoparticles grafted into Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/multi-walled carbon nanotube composite nanofibers. In this study, the photodegradation of three pharmaceuticals, namely Ibuprofen (IBP), Naproxen (NPX), and Cetirizine (CIZ) in aqueous media was investigated under UV irradiation.
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